Italian Carnival: a vibrant whirlwind of history, traditions and masks

When February arrives in Italy, the streets of the cities are filled with magic. Carnival here is not just a celebration, but an ancient tradition dating back to the time of Ancient Rome.

In the Middle Ages, it acquired Christian significance: it served as a preparation for Lent, allowing people to exercise before the period of abstinence. But if you look deeper, carnival is a symbol of an upside—down world, when social boundaries were erased, and anyone could become anyone. Lets discover it's history, traditions and masks meanings!

Today, every Italian region celebrates carnival in its own way. Let's plunge into this colorful atmosphere!

Carnival of Venice: aristocratic splendor

Probably the most famous carnival in the world. It is dominated by elegant masks, rich costumes in the style of the XVIII century, mystical balls and romantic gondolas. Venice has always been a city of mysteries and intrigues, and during the Republic, masks could be worn not only during the carnival season, but also on other days to preserve anonymity.

Special features: traditional masks (Bautta, Volto, Columbine) and a stunning procession in St. Mark's Square.

Carnival in Viareggio: carnival of satire and giant figures

This Tuscan carnival is famous for huge papier-mache dolls that make fun of politicians, celebrities and social phenomena. It appeared in the 19th century as a protest against high taxes and has since become one of the main satirical platforms in Italy.

Special feature: giant allegorical carts, up to 20 meters high, created by local craftsmen.

Carnival in Ivrea: the battle of oranges

In this small town in Piedmont, carnival turns into a real "citrus war". Residents are divided into teams and arrange a large—scale battle with oranges, a symbol of the struggle for freedom. Legend has it that the tradition dates back to a medieval rebellion against a tyrant who abused his power.

Special feature: spectacular orange fights and a historical procession with the character of Vivanda, the girl who liberated the city.

Sardinian Carnival: Wild horsemen and masks of shamans

In Sardinia, carnival has a mystical connotation. In the village of Mamoyada, marches of Mamutones and Izohadores masks are held — they embody ancient pagan rituals. Oristano hosts the Sardignola, a medieval equestrian competition where riders try to hit a star with a spear.

Feature: strong influence of ancient cults, ritual dances and intimidating wooden masks.

A holiday that unites the whole of Italy

From Sicily to the Alps, carnival is not just entertainment, but a living story passed down from generation to generation. Masks, costumes, processions, dances and theatrical performances transform cities into a real spectacle where everyone can become a part of it.

Read our post about Italian Carnival symbolism here